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Dictionary of Computers - quantum computing
quantum computing
Use of particles such as atoms, ions, and photons to perform computations, initally suggested by physicist Richard Feynman in 1982. In 1985, David Deutsch of the University of Oxford described a ‘universal quantum computer’ that would be able to perform feats beyond the capabilities of conventional computers. No such computer has been built to date, but quantum computing is thought to show great promise in certain areas, such as cryptography.
Quantum particles obey the laws of quantum mechanics, which are different from the laws of classical physics. Where a classical bit of information can have two states (1 or 0; on or off), a qubit (quantum bit) has in infinite number of possibilities, and can at the same time be a classical 1 or 0. This is called superposition. Logical operations can be performed on qubits, but when a measurement is performed, superposition is destroyed and the state is reduced to either 1 or 0.
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Initially the sun and moon had human faces, but they were removed when the flag was updated in 1962. The flag is said to express the hope that Nepal will endure as long as the sun and the moon. The blue border symbolizes peace. Effective date: 16 December 1962.
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